Classification

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 ENVIROMENTAL ISSUE
Environmental issues are harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environmentalism, a social andenvironmental movement that started in the 1960s, addresses environmental issues through advocacy, education and activism. current problems faced by the environment-
The carbon dioxide equivalent of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere has already exceeded 400 parts per million (NOAA) (with total "long-term" GHG exceeding 455 parts per million). (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report) This level is considered a tipping point. "The amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is already above the threshold that can potentially cause dangerous climate change. We are already at risk...It's not next year or next decade, it's now." Report from the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA):
"Climate disasters are on the rise. Around 70 percent of disasters are now climate related – up from around 50 percent from two decades ago. These disasters take a heavier human toll and come with a higher price tag. In the last decade, 2.4 billion people were affected by climate related disasters, compared to1.7 billion in the previous decade. The cost of responding to disasters has risen tenfold between 1992 and 2008. Destructive sudden heavy rains, intense tropical storms, repeated flooding and droughts are likely to increase, as will the vulnerability of local communities in the absence of strong concerted action." (OCHA) "Climate change is not just a distant future threat. It is the main driver behind rising humanitarian needs and we are seeing its impact. The number of people affected and the damages inflicted by extreme weather has been unprecedented."
TYPE OF INVIROMENTAL ISSUE
Curbing Global Warming
Climate change is the single biggest environmental and humanitarian crisis of our time. We must act now to spur the adoption of cleaner energy sources at home and abroad.
Creating the Clean Energy Future
America's dependence on fossil fuels threatens our national security and is a major contributor to global warming and toxic air pollution. By investing in renewable energy sources such as the sun, wind and biomass, we can help solve the energy and climate crises.
Reviving the World's Oceans
The world's oceans are on the brink of ecological collapse. We can restore marine vitality by ending overfishing, creating marine protected areas and improving the way we govern our oceans.
Defending Endangered Wildlife and Wild Places
The destruction of our last remaining wildlands means the loss of vast troves of biological diversity, critical regulators of global climate, and irreplaceable sanctuaries.
Protecting Our Health By Preventing Pollution
We must reduce or eliminate the dangerous chemicals in the products we buy, the food we eat and the air we breathe.
Ensuring Safe and Sufficient Water
As we enter the 21st century, swelling demand and changing climate patterns are draining rivers and aquifers as pollution threatens the quality of what remains.
Fostering Sustainable Communities
The choices we make for where and how we live have enormous impacts on our well-being, economy, and natural environment. NRDC develops and advocates sustainable solutions for our communities.
Toxins
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) • DDT • Endocrine disruptors • Dioxin • Toxic heavy metals • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Herbicides •Pesticides • Toxic waste • PCB • Bioaccumulation • Biomagnification • Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing
Mining
Acid mine drainage • Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Mountaintop removal mining • Slurry impoundments
Curbing Global Warming
Climate change is a complex phenomenon, and its full-scale impacts are hard to predict far in advance. But each year scientists learn more about how climate change is affecting the planet and our communities, and most agree that certain consequences are likely to occur if current trends continue.
In addition to impacting our water resources, energy supply, transportation, agriculture, and ecosystems, the United States Global Change Research Program concludes that climate change also poses unique challenges to human health, such as:
1 Significant increases in the risk of illness and death related to extreme heat and heat waves are very likely.
2 Some diseases transmitted by food, water, and insects are likely to increase.
Solutions
Here's the good news: technologies exist today to make cars that run cleaner and burn less gas, modernize power plants and generate electricity from nonpolluting sources, and cut our electricity use through energy efficiency. The challenge is to be sure these solutions are put to use.
Creating the Clean Energy Future
Whales and other marine mammals rely on their hearing for life's most basic functions, such as orientation and communication. Sound is how they find food, find friends, find a mate, and find their way through the world every day.
So when a sound thousands of times more powerful than a jet engine fills their ears, the results can be devastating -- and even deadly.
This is the reality that whales and other marine mammals face because of human-caused noise in the ocean, whether it's the sound of airguns used in oil exploration or subs and ships emitting sonar. Manmade sound waves can drown out the noises that marine mammals rely on for their very survival, causing serious injury and even death.
If you’ve ever seen a submarine movie, you probably came away with a basic understanding of how sonar works. Active sonar systems produce intense sound waves that sweep the ocean like a floodlight, revealing objects in their path.
Air Pollution
Outdoor air pollution is associated with over one million deaths and countless illnesses each year across the globe. We are working to clean up toxic hotspots including major industrial polluters as well as dirty diesel transportation hubs. Our goal is for all children to be able to play outside without fear of asthma attacks or stunted lung growth -- and for all communities to enjoy safe and healthy air quality, eliminating the race and income gaps in access to clean air.
Healthy, Sustainable Food
From promoting sustainable agricultural practices to eliminating pesticides and other harmful contaminants in food, NRDC is working to transition to healthier food systems. Our Growing Green Awards honor those who successfully advance these goals. We continue to step up the pressure on government agencies, such as theFDA and EPA, to protect the safety of our food supply and consumer products, including working to reducemercury in fish, stopping the unnecessary use ofantibiotics in livestock, and reducing the use of dangerous pesticides.
Promoting Water Efficiency
Despite the many existing pressures on our water resources, there are cost-effective solutions that will allow us to transform our relationship with water. To address increasing water scarcity in many places in the nation, NRDC is working to promote investments and policies that increase water use efficiency and decrease water waste, such as:
· Adopting sensible standards for efficient appliances, buildings, and irrigation;
· Supporting cost-effective investments by utilities to help customers save water;.
· Improving pricing structures to save both water and money.
Protecting Clean Water
Dirty water is the world's biggest health risk, and continues to threaten both quality of life and public health in the United States. When water from rain and melting snow runs off roofs and roads into our rivers, it picks up toxic chemicals, dirt, trash and disease-carrying organisms along the way. Many of our water resources also lack basic protections, making them vulnerable to pollution from factory farms, industrial plants, and activities like fracking. This can lead to drinking water contamination, habitat degradation and beach closures.NRDC is working to protect our water from pollution by:
· Drawing on existing protections in the Clean Water Act, and working to ensure that the law's pollution control programs apply to all important waterways, including headwater streams and wetlands, which provide drinking water for 117 million Americans;
· Improving protections to reduce pollutants like bacteria and viruses, which threaten Americans' health and well being; and
· Establishing new pollution limits for top problem areas, such as sources of runoff and sewage overflows.
1. Decrease impervious surfaces around your home.
2. Use native plants and natural fertilizers.
3. Don't over-water lawns and gardens.
4. Recycle and dispose of all trash properly.
5. Correctly dispose of hazardous household products.
6. Use nontoxic household products whenever possible.
7. Recycle used motor oil.
8. Be "green" when washing your car.
9. Help identify, report and stop polluters.
10. Be an activist.

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